FE model of human neck and torso for whiplash injury analysis

More information

Main author

Omerović, S.

Co-Authors

Krašna, S.; Stojanović, A.; Prebil, I.

Type of media

PDF

Publication type

Lecture

Publication year

2011

Publisher

20. EVU Conference, Graz

Citation

Omerović, S.: FE model of human neck and torso for whiplash injury analysis. 20. EVU Conference, Gratz

This paper presents several aspects of detailed human-body modelling, including a FE (finite element) model of the neck. A whiplash injury of the neck is one of the most common types of injuries in traffic accidents, particularly in rear-end collisions. For the study and assessment of the injury mechanism, a reliable and accurate simulation has to be performed. The finite element method provides a virtual tool to study human neck tolerances and potential trauma in vehicle crash situations. The model developed consists of vertebrae, muscles and ligaments. Unlike other neck models, it includes upper torso anatomical structures that can influence the head-neck response of a seated occupant during an impact. A thorough literature survey showed a lack of data on soft-tissue mechanical properties. Therefore, a custom testing device was designed for measuring tissue mechanical properties under conditions of a vehicle impact. A set of measurements was performed to provide the necessary input parameters for the model. The simulated model response was compared and calibrated to PMHS sled test results under various impact conditions. The model was shown to simulate the whiplash motion and predict injuries well, while incurring reasonable computational costs.